Machine for making roofing-nails.



I. H. SISSON.

MACHINE FOR MAKING ROOFING NAILS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-21.1912.

Patented June 13, 1916.

s SHEETS-SHEET 1.

THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH c0.. WASHINGTON, n. c.

l. H. SISSON.

MACHINE FOR MAKING ROOFING NAILS.

APPLICATION mm SEPT-21,1912.

Patented June 13, 1916.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

fi mwaw, 2 W

0.? W W Q QAWW THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH 50., WASHINGTON, D. C.

I. H. slssom. MACHINE FOR MAKING ROOFING NAILS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-2h I912.

Patented June 13, 1916.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

l. H. SISSON.

.MACHINE FOR MAKING ROOFING NAILS.

APPLICATION FILED sEPT.2|. 1912.

Patented June 13, 1916.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

jf-(lmeeideei, five/(Z21;

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH $0., WASHINGTQNLD. e.

I. H. SISSON. MACHINE FOR MAKING ROOFING NAILS 1,1 APPLICATION FILED SEPLZI. I9I2. Patented June 18,

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Jim Que/o, 22 1 T/m HE COLUMBIA FLANOGRAPH 60., WASHINGTON, D. c.

I. H. SISSON.

MACHINE FOR MAKING ROOFING NAILS.

APPLICATION HLED sEPT.21, 1912.

1,18 7,472. Patented June 13, 1916.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

ma COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH l. H. SISSON.

MACHINE FOR MAKING ROOFING NAILS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-21. I912.

1,187,472. Patented June 13, 1916.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

(2. .MQM WJW M M THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co., WAsxilNcTcN D C nllillnll.

l. H. SISSON.

MACHINE FOR MAKING ROOFING NAILS.

1,187,472. APPLICATION FlLED SEPT-2%, 1912. June 13, 8 SHEETS-SHEETB.

THE coLuMam PLANOURAPH cm, WASHINGTON, n. c.

man ens has emu.

ISAAC HOWARD SISSON, GIE PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE WEST COAST ROOFING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

MACHINE FOR MAKING- ROOFING-NAILS.

Application filed September 21, 1912.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ISAAC HOWARD Sis- SON, a resident of Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Roofing-Nails, of which the following is the specification.

My invention relates to a machine for making roofing nails and particularly fastening devices or nails to be used as described in Patent No. 899,968, issued September 29, 1908, to S. H. Goldberg.

Among the important objects of the invention are to provide a simple and balanced machine for receiving endless wire and for transforming this wire into roofing nails; to provide a machine in which the fedin endless wire is cut into lengths and to provide improved shearing mechanism for pointing one end of the blanks simultaneously with the cutting off of the blank sections from the endless wire; to provide improved mechanism for forming a head at the opposite end of each blank section preferably by looping the end thereof; to provide improved die or forming mechanism for bending the blank sections preferably after pointing and heading thereof so that the headed end will be deflected in one direction and the pointed end in the opposite direction with reference to the intermediate body part, the finished nail being substantially Z- shape; to provide such die or forming mech anism that the bond between the headed end and the body portion will be gradual, and the bend between the pointed end and the body portion abrupt, the gradual bend al lowing the head to be properly bent against the body part to receive and clamp the overlapping edge of the roofing material, and the abrupt bend serving as a driving head for the pointed end; to provide im proved means for serrating or roughening the pointed end section of the nails; to provide'means for flattening the head end portion and the greater part of the body portion, and preferably to provide improved means for simultaneously performing the flattening and serrating operations; to pro vide improvedmeans for driving the various operating and forming parts in proper se- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 13, 1916.

Serial No. 721,571.

quence; and in general to provide a simple and efficient machine for manufacturing nails of the class described.

A machine embodying the various features of my invention is shown on the accompanying drawings, in which drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine, Fig. 2 is a front elevational view, Fig. 3 is a view looking fromplane 3, Fig. 2, Fig. 4% is a view looking from plane 4, Fig. 2, Fig. 5 is a view looking to the left from plane 5, Fig. 2, Fig. 6 is a view looking to the right from plane 5, Fig. 2, Fig. 7 is an enlarged front elevational view of die disks, Fig. 8 is an edge view of the die disks looking in one direction, Fig. 9 is a similar view looking in the opposite direction, Fig. 10 is an enlarged plan view of head forming mecha nism showing cooperating parts in one position, Fig. 11 is a similar view showing cooperating parts in intermediate position, Fig. 12 is a similar view showing the cooperating parts in a succeeding position, Fig. 13 is a similar view showing the cooperating parts in final position, Fig. 14: is view taken from plane 14, Fig. 10, Fig. 15 is a view taken substantially from plane 15, Fig. 12, Fig. 16 is an enlarged front elevational view showing the die and forming mechanism for the nails, Fig. 17 shows inter mediate step of operation of the nail forming mechanism, Fig. 18 shows the final step in the operation of the nail forming mechanism, and Fig. 19 shows the finished nail.

The supporting frame is in the form of a table 20 mounted on legs 21. In the bearing bracket 22 suspended from one end of the table a main shaft 28 is journaled. This shaft supports a belt wheel 24- and a gear pinion 25. Journaled in suitable bearings supported at opposite ends of the table is the counter shaft 26 which at one end carries the gear 27 which meshes with the pinion 25. The counter shaft at its opposite end carries a bevel pinion 28 which meshes with a bevel gear 29 on the cross shaft 30 journaled in bearing brackets 31 extending from the adjacent end of the table. The rear end of the shaft 30 carries a gear 32 which meshes with an idler gear 33, which idler gear meshes with the gear 3 1- on the transverse shaft 35 which is journaled in fed into a forming field in which thewire bearing standards 36 on the table 20. The shaft 26 carries a number of cams for controlling certain operations'and the shaft 85 likewise carriesa number of cams for con trolling various operations as will be pres- V -ently described.

Describmg in general the operation of the machine, wire is fed to and passes through various fields of operation. First, the end of the fed in wire is looped to form a head, the wire is then fed forwardly and a piece severed therefrom, the end'of the severed piece. being pointed during the severing operation. The wire section with the point at one end and the loop at the other is'then is bent into substantially Z-shape. If any part of the nail is to be flat or is 'tobe serrated, such flattening and serrating takes place preferably before the final bending I or forming operation.

The wire 20 is fed into the machine by friction wheels 37 and .38 mounted on shafts 39 and 40, these shafts being connectedtogether by gears 41, 42, the upper shaft carrying at its rear end a ratchet wheel 43 with which cooperates a pawl 44 which is reciprocated over the ratchet wheel by cooperatlon of a lever 45 with the cam dlsk 46011 shaft 35. As this shaft revolves the wire is ':'periodically advanced through a guide sleeve 47, and first enters a loop forming field. This loop forming mechanism is best shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 10 to 15. The loop ing is accomplished by the cotiperating movements of three reciprocating frames a, Z) and 0, frame a moving rearwardly and frames Z) and 0 moving forwardly during the forming operation. The reciprocatlon of frames a and Z) 1s HCCOIHPlISlIGd by the "two rock levers 48 and 49 (Fig. 3) whose lower ends cooperate with a cam 50 mounted on the counter shaft 26. The upper end of lever 48 extends into an opening 51 in the frame or block a and abuts against a bracket 52 extending into the opening, a spring actuated plunger 53 holding the lever against the abutment. In like manner the upper end of lever 49 extends into open ing 54 in the frame'or block Z) and is held against the abutment bracket 55 by the spring actuated plunger 56. The block a, as a whole, reciprocates longitudinally but its inner end 57 is adapted for vertical reciprocation. This inner end 57 is carried at the upper end of a rod 58 secured to the slide block 59 which carries a cam roller 60 engaging in the cam slot 61 in the cam disk 50.

about 60 degrees, is of a little greater radius so that upon rotation of the cam disk 50 the block 59 and the end 57 are periodically raised.

The end '57 carries a mandrel tongue 62 and above this tongue is a hollow or pocket .63 as shown in Figs. '10 to 15.

The rear wall 68 of the, pocket 63 has the wire receiving groove 64.

At the inner end of the sleeve 47 through which wireis guided into the machine is a block 65 whose front lnner corner ls cut away along the are of a cnjcle and provided with a forming groove 65 of degrees ex- 7 tent, this'groove forming'a continuation of the wire passageway through the sleeve 47. The front end of the frame or block b has the extension 66 adaptedrto assume a position to theright of the block 65 when the V 7 frame F) is shifted forwardly. The corner of the extension 66 adjacent the block 65 is cut away and given a cncular'groove 66 of 90 degrees extent so that when the frame Y) has been shifted forwardly the groovesv The lever 49 which controls the reciprocation of block b has at its lower end the cam roller 69 en 'a in in the cam slot 7 O in the b b b cam disk 50. e V

The frame a is in the form of a bar whose rear end carries opposed rollers 71 between which travels a cam rail 72 carried by the gear 34' on shaft 35 (Fig. 1). Thefront end of this frame or bar 0 has the groove 7 3 which coiiperates with the inner vertical edge of the wall 74 of the end member 57 on block on. Just before the bar 0 engages the wire the fed in wire is cut as will be later described,the end of the wire to the left of the cut being received in the groove 7 3 at the front end of bar 0 and carried by this bar against and partly about the edge of the'wall 74 (Fig. 11 so that the end of the wire is bent forward slightly for a reason which will be made moreclear later. Following out now the loop forming oper-' ations, the parts are normally in position shown in Fig. 10, the wire passing straight toward the right from the sleeve 47 to be engaged by the cutting members in a manner to be described later. Immediately. after the cutting operation the cam rail 72 cooperates with the cam rollers 71 to shift the bare forwardly so as to carry the severed" end of the wire and to turn the end thereof about the wall 74 of block a. While this is going on the groove 70 in cam 50.is cooperating with cam roller 69 to carry the ex'tene sion 66 to its forward position adjacent the end 65, cam'50 rotating in the direction of the arrow indicated in Fig. 3. While the frame a b is being held forwardly by the groove 7 0 the section 61 of cam groove 61 becomes effective and the end 57 on block a is raised I to the position indicated in Fig. 14, to carry its tongue 62 for cooperation with the parts 65 and 66. The bar 0 is returned rearwardly immediately after its forward movement and as soon as end 57 has been raised the section 68" in cam groove 68 becomes effective and the lever 48 swung to cause suiticient inward movement of the end 57 to cause the end of tongue 62 to force the wire into the semi-circular pocket 65, 66 in the frame parts 65 and 66. This cotiperation of the tongue with the wire causes the end of the wire to swing forwardly to the position shown in Fig. 12 and such forward movement will not be prevented by the wall 7st, as this wall is raised clear of the wire when the end 57 is raised. Immediately after co operation of the tongue and grooves the cam roller 60 drops from the section 61" and the end 57 on block a drops to carry the tongue 62 below the parts 65 and 66, the groove 64 in the rear wall of pocket 68 coming then into horizontal alinement with the groove 65, 66. The section 68 of the cam groove 68 now becomes effective to cause further inward movement of the frame a, the curved end of the wire first entering the left end of groove 64 and being then carried through this groove and against the wire body so that the loop L is formed. The end of the wire being first turned over by the bar 0 as before described, this end will readily enter the parts through the groove Get with very little friction. The final position of the loop forming die parts are clearly shown in Fig. 13. After this final loop forming operation the parts return to their normal positions shown in Figs- 3 and 10.

After heading of one end of the wire section its opposite end is pointed, and such pointing occurs preferably simultaneously with the cutting operation. Referring to Figs. 10 to 13, the cutting field is immediately to the right of the looping field. Cutting and pointing is accomplished by mechanism best shown in Fig. i, blocks'75 and 76 being mounted for transverse reciprocation adjacent the path through which the wire travels and immediately to the right of the wire forming frames a, l) and c. The opposed inner ends of these frames carry cutting and pointing dies 7 5 and 7 6 for simultaneously severing the wire and pointing one end thereof. In Figs. 4 and 10 the cut ting dies are together and cutting and point ing is taking place. In Figs. 12 and 13 the cutting frames have been separated. Referring to Fig. 4, the frames and 76 are reciprocated by means of rock levers 77 and 7 8 whose upper ends engage against abutments 79 and 80 on the respective frames and to whose lower ends toggle links 81 and 82 are pivoted, the inner ends of these links pivoting to a block 83 vertically reciprocable on the guideways 84.. The block 83 has a cam roller 85 for engaging in cam groove 86 of the cam 86. In the position shown in Fig. 4, the block is down and the lower ends of levers 77 and 78 are spread apart so the cutting dies are brought together. Upon rotation of cam 86 in the direction of the arrow, the block 83 is raised and levers 77 and 7 8 rocked to cause separation of the cutting dies.

The looping zone is in advance of the cut ting zone but when wire is fed t irough the sleeve 51-7 and through the looping and cutting Zoncs, the cutting blocks are first actuated to cut the wire, so that the end of the wire to the left of the cut will be engaged by the looping n'iechanism. After the looping operation the wire with the loop at the end thereof is advanced a distance depending upon the length of the nail desired and there is again the operation of the cutting and pointing mechanism and then operation of the looping mechanism, the cutting mechanism severing the wire to point the end adjacent the cut and to l ave the other end of the out free for looping and we then have to the right of the cut a straight section of wire pointed at one end and looped at the other. These wire sections are fed toward rotary die mechanism to be flattened, stamped and serrated. This feed mechanism is plainly shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 16. A bracket 87 carries a block 88 slidable thereon and pivoting a pawl 85)- whose lower end is adapted for engagement with the wire sections to shift these sections toward the right. The upper end of the pawl pivdts to one end of a link 90 whose other end pivots to a horizontal rock lever 91 suitably pivoted to the frame of the machine, he opposite ends of this rock lever pivoting to a cam rod 92 which has cam cooperation with the cam 93 on shaft 35, rotation of this cam causing rocking movement of lever 91 and coiiperation of the pawl 89 with e wire sections to shift these sections toward the right to be received by the rotary die mechanism. This die mechanism is clearly shown in Figs. 1, 2, 7, 8, 9 and 16. In bearing frames 36 a shaft is ournaled above the shaft 35 and these shafts are connected in driving relation b the gears 95 and 96 thereon. lhc front end of shaft 35 carries a female die disk 97 while the upper shaft 94: carries at its front end a male die disk (98. The disk 98 has a peripheral tooth 99 which engages in the loops of the wire sections fed by the pawl 89. The disk 97 carries a block 100 for receiving the loop and the die disks are so adjusted that the wire section along the loop and the part of the body are flattened, and the blocks 100 may be provided with printing impressions so that a suitable legend may be printed on the flattened loop. As shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the die members are also adapted for serrating the end pocket the forming mechanism is mounted.

This forming mechanism comprises a block 10 vertically reciprecable on a guide standard 105. The block 10 1 is carried at the upper end of a cam bar 106 mounting a cam roller 10? which engages in the cam groove 108 in the cam 109 mounted on shaft 26. Pivoted to the front face of the blockltle is a forming arm 110, a spring 111 tending to hold this arm to the right, asindicated in Fig. 16. The pocket 103 has a front wall 6 and a bottom wall 7 providing forming abutments for the body and head parts band it of the nail (Fig. 19) the end 9 of the wire supporting bed of the machine forming an abutment for the driving section (Z of the nail. The lower end of arm 110 has the surfacesc and f corresponding to the pocket surfaces 6 and f. The lever has also a heel extension 112 for engaging the downwardly inclined lower wall it of the pocket 103 so that upon downward movement of the block 10 1 the heel 112 upon engaging with the inclined surface it will cause the arm 110 to be shifted toward the left to carry its surface 7" and 6 against the pocket surfaces 0 and and to deiiect the wire sections against these surfaces to form the finished nail. In Figs. 2, 16 and 17, the mechanism is shown for feeding the wire sections over the pocket into position to be engaged by arm 110. A horizontal guide extension 113 mounts a slide frame 114 which carries a finger 115 whose left one has extensions to the left, the wire sections being then carried with the finger as the frame is shifted toward the right, the unfiattened end of the wire sections then resting against the end section 9 and the remainder of the wire section overhanging the pocket 103 to be in position forengagement by the arm 110. Shifting of frame 11% is accompllshed by a train 11? of lever mechanism connected between the frame and a cam 118 (Figs. 2

and 16).

After awire section has been shifted to r the right over pocket 103 it will be clamped the counter head for the driving sections.

crotched extension 123 for engaging over the wire to clamp it firmly to the surface 9 during the forming operation of the arm 110, the descending arm carrying the looped end of the wire section away fronrfinger 115 and forcing the wire against the pocket surface 0 and f to produce the finished nail. After such formation of the nail, it is ejected from the machine by suitable ejector mechanism such as is shown in Figs. 1 and 5. An ejector bar 121 is mounted. in the machine frame back of the pocket 103 and is transversely reciprocated by the rock lever 125 pivoted at 126 and carrying a cam roller 127 at intermediate point, which cam roller engages in the suitable cam slot in the cam disk 128 mounted on shaft 85. The ejector bar 12 1 is shiftedforwardly after each forming operation of each nail to eject the finished nail from the machine into a chute 129 (Fig. 2). The final forming operation of the nail is clearly shown in Fig. 18. The bend between the pointed end and the body part b is made abrupt so that the bend forms a driving The bend between the body sections and the head section is more gradual so that the looped head'end can be readily deflected toward the body part to clamp the edge of roofing material.

As is stated in said Patent No. 899,968 heretofore referred to, that portion of the nail designated 01 may be called the driving portion, as it is driven into the roofin The looped end 1 may be designated as the clamping portion, as it is clamped down over the roofing after the pointed portion is driven into place. The portion designated 7) in the drawing may be called the body portion. In its broader aspects it is to be noted that the invention is not limited to a machine for making a looped head.

The operation of the machine can be clearly understood from the foregoing. de- The wire is fed from a reel by scription. the wheels 37 and 38 through the sleeve 47 into the loop forming zone where a loop is formed at the wire end in a manner, fully described. After formation of theloop, the wheels 37 and 38 again advance the wire whereupon the cutting operation takes place and a section of wire severed from the feed wire, this wire having a loop at its advance end and having a point provided at its other end simultaneous with the severing opera tion. After the cutting and pointing operation, the pawl 89 takes up the propulsion of the wire section through the machine and delivers it'to the rotary die members-to have its loop engaged by the pin .99 on the upper die members, the wire sections being then drawn through the die members to be flattened, printed and serrated. After passage of the wire section through the die members, the finger 115 connects with and draws the wire section into position against the forming pocket 103, the block 119 then descending to clamp down the pointed end of the Wire section and the arm 110 then descending into engagement With the over hanging end of the Wire section and being deflected by the pocket surface 71, to bend the Wire against the surfaces 6 and 7, the nail being then completed and eventually ejected from the machine by the ejector mechanism 12%.

The various cams controlling the operation 01": the various Zones are of course properly adjusted and timed so that the various steps are carried out Without loss oi? time, endless Wire being fed into the machine at one end and finished Z-shaped roofing nails being delivered from the other end of the machine.

I do not, of course, desire to be limited to the precise construction and arrangement and operation described as modifications are possible which would still come within the scope of the claims.

I claim the following:

1. In a machine for forming roofing nails, the combination of means for feeding wire blanks, means for pointing the blanks at one end, means for looping the blanks at the other end, means for deflect ing each blank in opposite directions near its ends to bring said ends to angles less than ninety degrees with reference to the blank body.

2. In a machine for making roofing nails, the combination of means for feeding Wire blanks, means for pointing one end of each blank, means for providing a head at the opposite end of each blank, and forming means for simultaneously bending the blank in opposite directions adjacent to the head and point sections.

In a machine for making roofing nails,

the combination of means for feeding Wire blanks, means for pointing one end of each blank, means for providing a head at the opposite end of each blank, forming means for simultaneously bending the blank in opposite directions adjacent to the head and point sections, and means for serrating or roughening the pointed end sections. at. In a machine for making roofing nails, the combination of means for feeding endless Wire, means for severing blank sections from said Wire and for simultaneously pointing the severed end, means for bending a loop at the opposite end of each blank section, and forming mechanism for bending each blank section to bring said ends each to an angle less than ninety degrees With reference to the blank section body.

5. In a machine for making roofing nails, the combination of means for feeding endless Wire, means for severing blank sections from said wire and for simultaneously pointing the severed end, means for bending a loop the opposite end of each blank section, and die mechanism for bending each blank section near its ends to bring each end to an acute angle with reference to the body of the blank section and for bonding the pointed end section.

(5. In a machine for making roofing nails, the combination of means for feeding endwire, 11 s for severing blank sections from said Wire and for sii'nultaneously pointing the severed end, means for bonding a loop at the opposite end of each blank section, forming mechanism for bending each blank section near its ends and in opposite directions to bring each end to an angle less than ninety degrees with reien ence to the blank section body, and com pression means for flattening the looped end and part of the body section blank.

'7. In a machine for making roofing nails, the combination oi"- means for feeding endless Wire, means for severing blank sections from said Wire and for simultaneously pointing the severed end, means for bonding a loop at the opposite end of each blank section, and means for deflecting the intermediate sections of the blank with reference to the pointed end and the looped end to cause said ends to extend at angles in the opposite directions from said intermediate section.

8. In a mach ne for making Wire roofing nails, the combination of means for feeding endless Wire, means for bending a loop at the fed-in end of the Wire, means for cutting oii the end section of the Wire with the loop at one end thereof and for pointing the end oi the cut off section, and means for bendin the section into substantially Z-shape.

9. In a machine for making Wire roofing nails, the combination of means for feeding endless Wire to the machine, forming members reciprocable toward each other at right angles to the direction of travel of the Wire for bending a loop at the fed-in end of the wire, cutting mechanism for cutting from the Wire the end section there of with the loop thereon and for simul taneously pointing the end of the section opposite the loop, bending mechanism, means for feeding the Wire section in the field of said bending mechanism, and means for actuating said bending mechanism to bend the Wire section into substantally Z- shape.

10. In a machine for making Wire roofing nails, the combination of means for feeding endless Wire to the machine, forming members reciprocable toward each other at right angles to the direction of travel of the Wire for bending a loop at the fed-in end of the Wire, cutting mechanism for cutting from the Wire the end section thereof with the loop thereon and for simultaneously pointing the end of the section opposite the loop, bending mechanlsm, a forming pocket,

means for carrying said wire section to overhang said pocket, and die mechanism cooperating With the Walls of said pocket to bend the wire section into substantially Z-shape. I V s 11. In a machine for forming roofing nails, the combination of means for pointing wire lengths at one end, means for bending the other end of each length into a loop, and means for bending each length near-its ends to form a Z-shaped nail.

12.In a machine for forming roofing nails, the combination of means for pointing wire lengths at one end, means for forming a head at the other end of each .length, means for clamping each length at one end, and means for bending each length into Z-shape While thus clamped.

13. In a machine for forming roofing nails, the combination of means for pointing Wire lengths at one end, means for forming a head at the other end of each length, a stationary die part having'a Z- shaped abutment surface, means for clamping each length by one end to one section of said abutment surface, and movable die mechanism for deflecting the 'uncla'mped part of each length against the other abut ment surfaces to thus form a Z-shaped nail. 7

ing forward a continuous Wire, cutting mechanism for severing the wire into sections, a forming pocket, means for carrying the severed sections to position one end thereof to overhang said pocket, mechanism "for clamping the other end to the machine structure adjacent said pocket, and die mechanism cooperating with the walls of said pocket to bend the overhanging section end to form a substantially Z-shaped nail. 7 f

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 16 day of September, A. D. 191a ISAAC HOWARD SISSON. Witnesses:

PETER C. CANNON,

JOHN J. Connn'r'r.

Copies of this patent may be obtained forrfive cents'each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. 

